Netherlands

Personal Income Tax

Between 9.32% and 49.5%.’

Corporate Income Tax

25.8% (19% below €200,000).

Exchange Restrictions

No.

Tax Information Exchange Agreements

Yes, many.

Permitted Currencies

Any convertible currency.

Minimum Authorised Capital

BV: None NV: €45,000.

Minimum Share Issue

BV: €0.01 NV: 25%.

Shelf Companies

No, occasionally available.

Timescale for New Entities

A few days.

Incorporation Fees

Notary fees vary from €500 for very simple articles, typically €1,500 to €2,000. Chamber of Commerce registration €80.10.

Annual Fees

No public dues.

Minimum Number

One.

Residency Requirements

No legal requirement.

Corporate Directors

Allowed.

Meetings/frequency

No limits.

Disclosure

No, except for single shareholder plus UBO register requirements.

Bearer Shares

No.

Minimum Number

One.

Public Share Registry

No.

Meetings/Frequency

Once per annum.

Annual Return

Yes, the extent depends on size.

Audit Requirements

Depends on size.

Recent Legislation

• Amendment of Conditional Source Taxation Act (incorporating dividends)
• 2023 Tax Miscellaneous Provisions Act
• Personal Income Tax Box 3 Restoration of Rights Act
• Personal Income Tax Box 3 Bridging Act
• Minimum CO2 Price for Industrial Emissions Act
• Delegation Provision Act
• Implementation Act of the EU Directive on Information Exchange in the Digital Platform Economy (DAC7)
• Temporary Solidarity Contribution Act
• Share Option Rights Tax Scheme Amendment Act
• Excessive Borrowing from Own Companies Act
• Abolition of Landlord Levy Act
• Amendment of the General Old Age Pensions Act
• Tax plan 2023, Key Amendments:
Amendment provisions Personal Income Tax Act:
o Box 1 and Box 3 tax brackets and rates
Amendment provisions Corporate Income Tax Act:
o Tax brackets and rates
o Payment discount preliminary assessments expires
Amendment provisions Tax on Environmental Resources:
o Amendment Energy Tax
o Flight Tax is increased (with effect of July 1, 2024)
Amendment Real Estate Transfer Tax rate, (8 per cent to 10.4 per cent)
• Tax Plan 2024
• Tax Plan 2024 BES Islands
• Minimum Tax Act 2024
• Tax Miscellaneous Provisions Act 2024
• Selective Intake Compensation Act
• Revaluation Legal Costs WOZ and BPM Act
• Temporary Scheme Revision of Personal Income Tax Return Act
• Other Tax Measures 2024
• Climate Tax Measures for Glasshouse Horticulture
• Personal Rent Allowance Contribution Reduction Act
• Amendment of the Surviving Dependents Act and the Participation Act
• Amendment of the Child-related Budget Act
• Tax Plan 2024, Key Amendments:
Amendment provisions Corporate Income Tax Act:
o Tax brackets and rates
Amendment provisions Personal Income Tax Act:
o Box 3
o Substantial interest taxation brackets and rates
o Amount of excessive borrowing reduced
Amendment provisions Wage Tax Act:
o Scale back of the expat scheme 30 per cent ruling
o Abolition of partial non-resident taxation
Amendment provisions Corporate Income Tax:
o Measures against dividend stripping
o Energy Investment Allowance extended until 2029
o Environmental Investment Allowance extended until 2029
o Arbitrary Depreciation of Environmental Investment extended until 2029

Pending Legislation

• Mutual Funds and Exempt Investment Institutions Amendment Act (with effect of January 1, 2025)
• Tax Investment Institution Amendment Act (with effect of January 1, 2025)
• Legal Forms Tax Qualification Policy Act (with effect of January 1, 2025)
• Business Succession Tax Facilities Amendment Act 2024 (with effect of January 1, 2025)
• Fiscal Investment Institutions Amendment Act (with effect of January 1, 2025)
• Adjustment FBI regime (with effect of January 1, 2025)

Registered Office

No, but seat or residence is relevant for corporate law.

Domicile Issues

Legal seat. Re-domicilation possible.

Company Naming Restrictions

Some restrictions.